C1100 Solid Round Copper Bar is a high-purity copper product known for its excellent electrical and thermal conductivity, good corrosion resistance and outstanding workability. As a widely used tough-pitch copper grade, C1100 is suitable for applications requiring reliable electrical performance, efficient heat transfer and good forming properties.
HSMetal supplies solid C1100 copper round bars in various diameters, lengths and tempers to meet different industrial requirements. With excellent machinability under appropriate processing conditions, these copper bars are widely used in electrical components, busbar systems, transformers, connectors, heat exchangers and industrial machinery. Custom sizes, cutting and machining services are available according to customer drawings and specifications.
Material Specifications (JIS H3250 / ASTM B187)
| Property | Value | Remarks |
|---|---|---|
| Standard Names | C1100 (JIS) / C11000 (UNS) / Cu-ETP | Equivalent international standards |
| Composition | Cu ≥99.90%; O₂ ~200–400 ppm | Contains residual oxygen (tough pitch) |
| Electrical Conductivity | 100–101% IACS | Annealed condition |
| Thermal Conductivity | ~390 W/(m·K) | Exceptional heat transfer |
| Density | 8.89–8.94 g/cm³ | |
| Machinability | 20% (Reference: C36000 = 100%) | Prone to built-up edges and long chips |
| Available Forms | Solid Round Bar (Dia 3 mm – 300 mm) | Extruded, Drawn, or Ground |
| Hydrogen Embrittlement | Susceptible | Must not be heated in H₂ or reducing atmospheres |
👉 Request a C1100 Round Bar Sample & MTC
C1100 vs C10200 (Oxygen-Free) vs C14500 (Tellurium): Which Copper Bar Do You Need?
| Property | C1100 (ETP / T2) | C10200 (OF / TU1) | C14500 (Tellurium) |
|---|---|---|---|
| UNS | C11000 | C10200 | C14500 |
| Cu+Ag | ≥99.90% | ≥99.95% | ≥99.90% |
| Oxygen Content | 0.02–0.06% | ≤0.001% | - |
| Electrical Conductivity | 100–101% IACS | 100–101% IACS | 85–95% IACS |
| Hydrogen Embrittlement | Susceptible - avoid reducing atmosphere >370°C | Resistant | Resistant |
| Machinability | 20% (free-cutting brass = 100) | ~20% | 85–90% |
| Cost | Lowest | Higher | Highest |
| Key Advantage | Best conductivity at lowest cost | No hydrogen embrittlement | Free-cutting |
| Typical Use | Busbars, terminals, windings | Vacuum components, welding parts | Precision turned terminals |
How to choose:
- Choose C1100 (T2) when your priority is maximum conductivity at the lowest cost for busbars, windings, terminals, and general electrical components.
- Choose C10200 (TU1) when your application involves welding, brazing, or high-temperature reducing atmospheres where hydrogen embrittlement is a risk .
- Choose C14500 (Tellurium) when you need free-cutting machinability for precision turned terminals - but accept lower conductivity .
The hydrogen embrittlement warning: C1100 contains oxygen. In reducing atmospheres above 370°C (such as hydrogen annealing or certain welding processes), the oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form steam, causing internal cracks - this is known as hydrogen disease . For welding-critical applications, specify C10200 (oxygen-free) instead.
How We Solve Customer Challenges
- Market raw‑material shortage risk: Maintains stock inventory for mainstream diameters of C1100 T2 Cu‑ETP round bar, helps customers bypass copper market supply disruption; support urgent prototype and mass‑production orders.
- Surface defects reducing plating yield: Strict surface cleaning and finishing processes control oxide, scratch and pit issues, lower rejection ratio during plating procedures.
- Dimensional tolerance & machining scrap: Precise drawing and rolling guarantee diameter tolerance per ASTM B187, reduce CNC machining allowance and cut component‑manufacturing cost.
- Material waste from fixed mill lengths: Provide professional cut‑to‑length service, deliver parts at customer‑specified finished length and eliminate leftover scrap.
- Cross‑standard grade‑selection confusion: Clarify difference between C1100 Cu‑ETP, OFHC C10200 and copper‑iron alloys, recommend the most cost‑effective grade matching your conductivity, welding and working‑condition requirements.
Typical Applications
- Busbars and current-carrying hardware - power distribution, switchgear, panel boards
- Transformer windings and motor components
- Terminals, connectors, and ground straps
- EV connectors and battery busbars
- Welding fixtures and anodes
- Commutators and electrical contacts
- Heat exchangers and thermal management - where conductivity matters
👉 Send Your C1100 Bar Specification for a Quotation
The CNC Machining Guide for C1100 Round Bars
To successfully machine C1100 pure copper, you cannot use standard steel/brass cutting data. Here is HSMetal's recommended strategy:
- Tool Geometry: Use high positive rake angles (15°–20°) and sharp, uncoated carbide inserts. Dull tools will rub the copper, causing work-hardening.
- Coolant: High-pressure, high-volume coolant is mandatory. It prevents the "gummy" copper from welding to the insert and flushes the stringy chips away from the cutting zone.
- Speeds & Feeds: High surface footage (150–300 m/min) with heavy chip loads. You must "bite" through the metal, not rub it.
- Chip Breakers: Use inserts with aggressive chip breaker geometries to force the copper to break into smaller segments rather than forming endless strings.
Commercial and Delivery Terms
| Item | Details |
|---|---|
| Available Forms | Solid round copper bar / copper rod (C1100 T2 / Cu‑ETP) |
| MOQ | Stock sizes: 50 kg; custom tolerance / special cutting: 200 kg; test samples available |
| Tolerance | Compliant with ASTM B187; custom tight tolerance acceptable against customer drawings |
| Lead Time | Stock items: 7‑12 working days; custom cutting & special tolerance: 20‑35 working days |
| Trade Terms | EXW, FOB Shanghai, CIF Jebel Ali / Mombasa / Long Beach, CFR |
| Payment Terms | T/T 30% deposit, 70% before shipment; L/C at sight for large orders |
| Certificates | Mill Test Certificate (MTC); PMI inspection available upon request |
| Shipping | Sea freight for bulk consignments; air freight for small urgent sample shipments |
About Us
HSMetal is a professional China‑based supplier of C1100 (T2 / Cu‑ETP) solid round copper bar and a comprehensive portfolio of copper alloys, controlled‑expansion and special engineering materials. Backed by mature hot rolling, cold drawing, slitting and heat‑treatment capabilities, we deliver standard and custom‑processed metal materials for busbar, electrical component, automotive, aerospace and infrastructure projects worldwide.
Our strict quality‑control system covers incoming raw‑material inspection, in‑process dimensional monitoring, chemical‑composition verification and final batch testing. Every lot is supported by traceable Mill Test Certificates, ensuring C1100 copper meets 100% IACS conductivity requirements and complies with UNS, GB and EN standards.
We maintain substantial spot inventory to mitigate global market supply shortages, supporting quick turnaround for prototype sampling and large‑volume mass orders. Beyond C1100 Cu‑ETP pure copper bar, our supply scope extends to oxygen‑free copper, beryllium copper, aluminum bronze, phosphor bronze, copper‑nickel‑tin spinodal alloys, available in bar, rod, strip, sheet, wire and tube forms. Our in‑house metallurgical team provides grade‑selection, temper recommendation and custom‑size solutions tailored for busbars, power terminals, grounding assemblies and diverse electrical‑component applications.
Our Factory
Copper Drawbench
Rolling Mill Equipment
Straightening Machine
4-Tensile Testing Machine
Flaw Detector
Hardness Tester
Need C1100 Solid Round Copper Bar for Your Electrical Application?
Tell us your required diameter, length, temper, quantity, and application (busbar, winding, terminal, EV connector). We will confirm availability, provide a quotation, and ship with full documentation.
👉 Contact HSMetal for Copper Bar Selection Support
Explore our other copper products → C10200 Oxygen-Free Copper Bar | C14500 Tellurium Copper Bar | C19400 Copper Alloy Strip
FAQ
Q1: What does C1100 (T2 / Cu‑ETP) mean?
A: C1100 UNS designation corresponds to GB T2 and EN Cu‑ETP (Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper). It is standard electrical pure copper with ≥99.90 % copper content and reaches 100 % IACS conductivity, widely used for busbars, terminals and electrical conductive parts.
Q2: What is the difference between Cu‑ETP C1100 and OFHC C10200 oxygen‑free copper?
A: C1100 Cu‑ETP achieves 100 % IACS conductivity at competitive cost, for general electrical busbar and terminal applications. OFHC C10200 removes oxygen content, suited for special high‑temperature hydrogen‑environment welding, but carries higher material cost.
Q3: What tempers can you supply for C1100 solid round copper bar?
A: Available tempers: O (soft annealed), H02 half‑hard, H04 hard, H06 full hard. Soft temper suits bending operations; hard temper applies for straight busbar and terminal studs.
Q4: Can C1100 Cu‑ETP round bar be cut to custom finished lengths?
A: Yes, we provide cut‑to‑length service, so you receive material at target dimension directly and avoid waste from full‑length mill bars.
Q5: Is C1100 T2 Cu‑ETP suitable for tin‑plating, nickel‑plating and silver‑plating?
A: Yes. Controlled‑surface‑quality C1100 round bar supports tin, nickel and silver plating after proper pre‑treatment, ideal for power terminal and connector components.
Q6: Can I get C1100 Cu‑ETP round bar samples for performance testing?
A: Yes, small‑size test samples are available for R&D validation. Please inform us of required diameter, length, temper and application conditions for sample quotation.
Q7: What is C1100 copper bar used for?
A: C1100 is used for busbars, transformer windings, terminals, connectors, ground straps, EV connectors, welding fixtures, and commutators. It is chosen when you need maximum conductivity (100–101% IACS) at the lowest cost for electrical applications .
Q8: What is the difference between C1100 and C10200 (oxygen-free copper)?
A: C1100 contains 0.02–0.06% oxygen; C10200 is oxygen-free (O ≤0.001%). Both deliver 100–101% IACS conductivity. C1100 is cheaper and machines slightly better; C10200 is resistant to hydrogen embrittlement and is preferred for welding and high-temperature reducing atmospheres . Choose C1100 for cost-sensitive electrical conductors; choose C10200 for welding-critical components.
Q9: What is the difference between C1100 and C14500 (tellurium copper)?
A: C1100 has higher conductivity (100–101% IACS vs 85–95%) but poor machinability (20% vs 85–90%). C14500 is a free-cutting copper for precision turned terminals. Choose C1100 for busbars and windings where conductivity matters; choose C14500 for high-volume precision machining .
Q10: What is the electrical conductivity of C1100?
A: C1100 delivers 100–101% IACS electrical conductivity - the highest of any standard copper bar grade . This makes it the benchmark for electrical conductors.
Q11: What is the hydrogen embrittlement risk of C1100?
A: C1100 contains oxygen. In reducing atmospheres above 370°C (such as hydrogen annealing or certain welding processes), the oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form steam, causing internal cracks . Avoid C1100 for welding-critical applications; specify C10200 (oxygen-free) instead.
Q12: What tempers are available for C1100 bar?
A: Available tempers include O (Soft/Annealed), H02 (Half Hard), and H04 (Hard). Soft temper offers maximum ductility for forming; Hard temper offers higher strength for structural electrical components .
Q13: Can C1100 bar be welded?
A: Welding is not recommended for C1100 due to its high thermal conductivity and hydrogen embrittlement risk. Soldering and brazing are excellent - C1100 is widely used for soldered electrical connections .
Q14: What is the maximum service temperature of C1100?
A: C1100 is suitable for continuous service up to approximately 200°C in air. Above this, oxidation increases. Avoid reducing atmospheres above 370°C due to hydrogen embrittlement risk .
Q15: What is the one-line rule for choosing C1100?
A: Choose C1100 solid round copper bar when you need maximum conductivity (100–101% IACS) at the lowest cost for busbars, windings, terminals, and general electrical components. For welding-critical or high-temperature reducing atmosphere applications, choose C10200 (oxygen-free) instead. For precision turned terminals, choose C14500 (tellurium copper).
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