C11000 ETP copper bar is the industry-standard high conductivity copper bar for busbar, electrical, and industrial applications-100% IACS minimum conductivity, 99.90% copper purity, and the best balance of performance, workability, and cost for high-volume electrical conductor production.If you need the highest conductivity at the lowest cost for busbar, electrical, and industrial applications - C11000 ETP copper bar is the answer. It delivers 100–101.5% IACS electrical conductivity, the benchmark for electrical copper, and is the default grade for 90% of busbar and electrical conductor applications.
The one-line rule: C11000 (ETP/T2) → standard busbar and electrical conductors at the lowest cost. C10100 (OFHC/TU2) → when vacuum brazing or reducing atmospheres are involved. C14500 (Tellurium) → when free-cutting machinability is critical.
What Is C11000 ETP Copper Bar?
C11000 (also known as ETP - Electrolytic Tough Pitch copper, T2, Cu-ETP, CW004A) is the most widely used commercial pure copper grade for busbar and electrical applications. It contains ≥99.90% Cu+Ag with a controlled oxygen content of 0.02–0.06% (typically around 0.04%).
Why the oxygen is intentional: During casting, a small amount of oxygen combines with impurities to form Cu₂O particles. This actually refines the grain structure and improves machinability compared to oxygen-free grades, while maintaining excellent electrical conductivity.
The key performance advantage: C11000 delivers 100–101.5% IACS electrical conductivity - the highest of any standard commercial copper - with excellent thermal conductivity and good cold working properties. This makes it the default choice for busbar, transformer windings, terminals, switchgear, and grounding components.
Key Specifications
Chemical Composition (ASTM B187 / GB/T 5231)
| Element | Content |
|---|---|
| Cu + Ag | ≥99.90% |
| O | 0.02–0.06% (typically 0.04%) |
| Pb | ≤0.005% |
| Bi | ≤0.001% |
| Sb | ≤0.002% |
| Fe | ≤0.005% |
| S | ≤0.005% |
Physical Properties
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| Density | 8.89–8.94 g/cm³ |
| Melting Point | 1083°C |
| Electrical Conductivity | 100–101.5% IACS |
| Thermal Conductivity | 388–394 W/(m·K) |
| Thermal Expansion (20–300°C) | 17.6–17.7 × 10⁻⁶/K |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 115–130 GPa |
| Magnetic Permeability | Non-magnetic |
Mechanical Properties (Typical by Temper)
| Temper | Tensile Strength | Yield Strength | Elongation | Hardness (HV) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Annealed (O) | 200–260 MPa | ≥60 MPa | ≥40–45% | 40–70 |
| Half Hard (H02) | 245–300 MPa | ≥180 MPa | 10–20% | 75–90 |
| Hard (H04) | 310–360 MPa | 250–330 MPa | 4–10% | 90–120 |
What Is C11000 ETP Copper Bar Solves And Who Need it?
The core buyer problem C11000 solves: You need a copper bar that conducts electricity at maximum efficiency, machines and forms without cracking, resists corrosion in industrial environments, and is available in the volumes your production schedule requires. C11000 ETP copper bar delivers all of these-and it is the grade that busbar fabricators, switchgear builders, and terminal manufacturers specify by default.
What C11000 ETP copper bar is NOT: It is not suitable for hydrogen brazing, vacuum service, or reducing-atmosphere heat treatment. In those environments, the controlled oxygen content causes hydrogen embrittlement. If your application requires vacuum service or hydrogen brazing, specify C10100 or C10200 OFHC copper bar instead. Knowing this distinction before you order prevents costly failures.
Who buys C11000 ETP copper bar from China:
- Busbar fabricators and electrical contractors
- Switchgear and panel builders
- Terminal and connector manufacturers
- Transformer and power distribution equipment producers
- Industrial electrical distributors and OEMs
C11000 vs C10100 vs C14500: Which Copper Bar Do You Need?
| Property | C11000 (ETP / T2) | C10100 (OFHC / TU2) | C14500 (Tellurium) |
|---|---|---|---|
| UNS | C11000 | C10100 | C14500 |
| Copper Content | ≥99.90% | ≥99.99% | ≥99.90% |
| Oxygen Content | 0.02–0.06% | ≤0.0005% | - |
| Electrical Conductivity | 100–101.5% IACS | 101–101.5% IACS | 85–95% IACS |
| Hydrogen Embrittlement | Susceptible >370°C | Immune | Resistant |
| Vacuum Brazing | Not recommended | Excellent | Good |
| Machinability Rating | 20 | ~20 | 85–90 |
| Cost | Lowest | Highest | Highest |
| Key Advantage | Best conductivity at lowest cost | No hydrogen embrittlement | Free-cutting |
| Typical Use | Busbar, terminals, switchgear | Vacuum seals, semiconductors | Precision turned terminals |
How to choose:
- Choose C11000 (ETP/T2) for busbar, switchgear components, terminals, grounding straps, and general electrical conductors where the operating environment does not involve welding or reducing atmospheres above 370°C. It is the most cost-effective high-conductivity copper grade and the industry standard for electrical applications.
- Choose C10100 (OFHC/TU2) when the bar will be vacuum brazed, welded in reducing atmospheres, or used in vacuum/electronic applications where hydrogen embrittlement must be eliminated.
- Choose C14500 (Tellurium) when you need free-cutting machinability for high-volume CNC production of precision terminals - but accept lower conductivity (85–95% IACS).
The critical warning for C11000: In reducing atmospheres above 370°C (such as hydrogen brazing or certain welding processes), the oxygen in C11000 reacts with hydrogen to form steam at grain boundaries, causing internal cracks - this is called hydrogen embrittlement. For welded or reducing atmosphere service, specify C10100 (oxygen-free) instead.
Commercial and Delivery Terms
| Terms | Details |
|---|---|
| MOQ | 50 KG; small prototype sample pieces available |
| Production Lead‑Time | Stock cut‑to‑size:5‑7 working days; custom sizes:14‑22 working days |
| Trade Incoterms | EXW, FOB Shanghai/Qingdao or any of China ports, CFR, CIF |
| Payment Terms | 30 % T/T deposit, balance against Bill of Lading copy; Irrevocable L/C at sight |
| Certificates | ISO9001, heat‑lot traceable MTR Mill Test Report; RoHS report upon request |
| Third‑Party Inspection | Acceptable before shipment |
| Packaging |
Anti‑oxidation moisture‑proof wrapping paper + export wooden crate; prevent scratch and oxidation in transit |
Main Applications for C11000 ETP Copper Bar
C11000 ETP Copper Bar, high‑conductivity Electrolytic Tough Pitch Copper Bar, is specified for general‑duty electrical and industrial scenarios where high conductivity and cost‑efficiency are required：
- Electrical Busbar & power distribution：switchgear busbar, distribution cabinet copper conductor, grounding bar, transformer conductive components.
- Electrical equipment manufacturing：connector blanks, electrical terminal parts, motor conductive elements.
- General‑purpose industrial fabrication：CNC‑machined copper components, heat‑transfer parts, corrosion‑resistant structural copper parts under normal‑temperature environment.
- New‑energy auxiliary components：conductive bars for battery cabinets, non‑vacuum energy‑storage equipment assemblies.
Reminder: Avoid using C11000 ETP copper bar for vacuum brazing or high‑temperature reducing‑atmosphere working condition; select OFHC C10200 copper bar for those scenarios.
About Us
We are a professional China manufacturer & exporter specializing in high-purity copper raw materials, including OFHC copper plate (C10100 / C10200), C11000 ETP copper bar, copper sheet, copper rod, copper busbar and custom machined copper parts. we serve global industrial buyers across vacuum technology, semiconductor, power electrical, energy storage, aerospace, medical equipment and thermal management industries.
Our factory follows ASTM standards (ASTM B170, ASTM B187) and implements full-process quality control, starting from raw material melting, rolling, drawing, straightening to final inspection. Every batch is tested for chemical composition, electrical conductivity and mechanical properties. Mill Test Certificate (MTC) is available for all shipments to meet customers' incoming quality audit requirements.
We understand two major pain points faced by international metal buyers: volatile raw material prices, frequent market stock shortages, and unstable batch quality from generic suppliers. We maintain large inventory of standard copper grades to help clients avoid production delays during supply shortages. Besides standard materials, we provide value-added processing services: custom cutting, grinding, deburring, flattening, polishing according to customer drawings. Whether small prototype samples or large-volume bulk orders, flexible MOQ is supported.
If you are searching for a trusted China copper material supplier for copper busbar, ETP copper bar, OFHC copper plate and high conductivity copper products, feel free to contact us for samples, technical data and quotations.
Our Factory
Copper Drawbench
Closing Machine Of The Rolling
Straight Pipe Cutting Machine
Aging Treatment Equipment
Rolling Mill Equipment
Annealing Furnace
Why Buy C11000 ETP Copper Bar Us
- Cost advantage: China-manufactured C11000 copper bar typically offers 10–25% cost savings compared to Western sources, with full material certification and dimensional inspection.
- Stock and capacity: China produces a significant share of global copper bar output. We maintain ready stock in standard busbar and round bar sizes for immediate shipment.
- Flexibility: Cut-to-size, custom profiles, custom tempers, and custom packaging are standard offerings. MOQ starts at 100 kg for trial orders.
- Export experience: We ship worldwide with export-standard seaworthy packing, complete documentation, and support for all major Incoterms.
- Technical support for grade selection. Not sure whether C11000 or C10100 is right for your application? Send us your process details - we will recommend the right grade.
- Full ASTM B187 / GB/T 2059 compliance. Every shipment includes a Mill Test Certificate (MTC) with chemical composition and mechanical properties verified to ASTM B187 or GB/T 2059.
Need C11000 ETP Copper Bar for Your Busbar, Electrical, or Industrial Application?
Tell us your required diameter, length, temper, quantity, and application (busbar, switchgear, terminal, EV connector). We will confirm availability, provide a quotation, and ship with full documentation.
Contact Us for C11000 ETP Copper Bar Quote→
Or contact our technical team with your conductivity, welding, and temperature requirements - we will recommend the right copper grade and temper for your design.
Explore our other copper products → [C10100 OFHC Copper Bar] | [C14500 Tellurium Copper Bar] | [C19400 Copper Alloy Strip] | [Copper Busbar]
FAQ
Q1: What is C11000 ETP copper bar used for?
A: C11000 is used for busbar, switchgear components, terminals, connectors, ground straps, transformer windings, and general electrical conductors. It is chosen when you need maximum conductivity (100–101.5% IACS) at the lowest cost.
Q2: What is the difference between C11000 and C10100?
A: C11000 contains 0.02–0.06% oxygen; C10100 is oxygen-free (≤0.0005%). Both deliver 100–101.5% IACS conductivity. C11000 is cheaper and machines slightly better; C10100 is immune to hydrogen embrittlement and is preferred for vacuum brazing, welding, and electronic applications. Choose C11000 for standard busbar and electrical conductors; choose C10100 for vacuum or welded assemblies.
Q3: What is the difference between C11000 and C14500?
A: C11000 has higher conductivity (100–101.5% vs 85–95% IACS) but poor machinability (20% vs 85–90%). C14500 is a free-cutting copper for precision turned terminals. Choose C11000 for busbar and windings; choose C14500 for high-volume precision machining.
Q4: What is the electrical conductivity of C11000?
A: C11000 delivers 100–101.5% IACS electrical conductivity - the highest of any standard commercial copper grade. This makes it the benchmark for electrical conductors and busbar.
Q5: What is the hydrogen embrittlement risk of C11000?
A: C11000 contains oxygen. In reducing atmospheres above 370°C (such as hydrogen brazing or certain welding processes), the oxygen reacts with hydrogen to form steam at grain boundaries, causing internal cracks. Avoid C11000 for welding-critical applications; specify C10100 (oxygen-free) instead.
Q6: What tempers are available for C11000 bar?
A: Available tempers include O (Soft/Annealed), H02 (Half Hard), and H04 (Hard). Soft temper offers maximum ductility for forming; Hard temper offers higher strength for structural electrical components.
Q7: Can C11000 copper bar be bent, machined, and welded?
A:Yes. C11000 has excellent cold working capacity, good hot working capacity, and is rated excellent for soldering and good for brazing. Machinability is rated at 20% of free-cutting brass. Oxy-acetylene welding is not recommended.
Q8: What is the maximum service temperature of C11000?
A: C11000 is suitable for continuous service up to approximately 200°C in air. Above this, oxidation increases. Avoid reducing atmospheres above 370°C due to hydrogen embrittlement risk.
Q9: How do I avoid procurement pitfalls when buying C11000?
A: Key checks:
- Verify the grade - confirm C11000 / T2 / Cu-ETP equivalence.
- Check copper content - Cu+Ag ≥99.90%.
- Confirm oxygen content - 0.02–0.06% for C11000.
- Confirm the temper - O, H02, or H04; verify against your strength and formability requirements.
- Request the Mill Test Certificate (MTC) - confirm chemical composition and mechanical properties.
- Request PMI verification - confirms material authenticity.
Q10: What is the one-line rule for choosing C11000?
A: Choose C11000 ETP copper bar when you need maximum conductivity (100–101.5% IACS) at the lowest cost for busbar, switchgear, terminals, and general electrical components. For vacuum brazing or reducing atmosphere service, choose C10100 (oxygen-free). For precision turned terminals, choose C14500 (tellurium copper).
Q11: Can you cut C11000 ETP copper bar to custom lengths?
A: Yes. We provide cut-to-length service for flat, round, square and hex electrolytic tough pitch copper bar. We deburr all cut ends to reduce your CNC prep work. We accept small prototype sample orders as well as large bulk orders.
Q12: Do you supply Mill Test Certificate (MTC) for C11000 ETP copper bar shipments?
A: Yes. Every batch comes with MTC, listing chemical composition, conductivity and mechanical properties. Third-party inspection before shipment can be arranged if your project specification requires.
Q13: Which temper should I pick: soft O or hard H08 C11000 ETP copper bar?
A: Soft O temper copper bar suits bending, forming and soldering. H08 hard drawn copper bar has higher rigidity and straightness, widely used for busbar, grounding bar and structural conductive parts. Send us your fabrication method and working requirements; we recommend the best temper.
Q14: Can you support orders when copper market is short of stock?
A: We maintain large inventory pool for standard C11000 ETP copper bar sizes. When copper supply is tight globally, we can allocate available stock for your project, but stock is subject to availability. Contact us to check current inventory and lead time.
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